Why are some former colonies poor?

Economists have studied the above question extensively, a strand of literature on the subject point to differences in institutions to explain income differences in countries. One paper: The Colonial Origins of Comparative Development" An Empirical Investigation by Acemoglu, Johnson, and Robinson (American Economic Review, 2001, p. 1369-1401) offers an answer at least for countries that were colonized by Europeans. The answer they said lies in the kind of institution that these settlers set up. Using a database on mortality by early settlers, they linked this information with the kind of institutions that settlers developed. For places where mortality is high and thus, the likelihood of long term settlement is nil, colonizers constructed more of an "extractive" institutional set up. In colonies that are more habitable, they started better institutions that endure today. A chart of the early settler mortality and income today shows a negative relationship. So better living conditions that resulted in better institutions in the past resulted in better outcomes today. Now how about the Philippines? Unfortunately Philippines was not included in the database.